Wartime shortage in Europe meant leather was not available for boots and shoes. Instead governments encouraged people to turn to clogs as a practical solution. Although fashion magazines patriotically photographed their top models wearing clogs it failed to attract their readers. By then most people associated clogs with working-class poverty. Government's efforts failed to encourage people to wear clogs during the war. Even when the middle classes were eventually forced to wear clogs it was very much under duress. Black marketers were reported to wear clogs which had shoe prints going the opposite way. This was thought to cast doubt in the mind of anyone trying to follow them. Their clogs were also reputed to contain secret compartments to hide clandestine information. Clogs did have a surge of fashion interest in the nineteen seventies when the super group Abba were popular. Although the group are better known for their platform boots they were also photographed many times wearing wooden clogs. A popular line of fashion clogs followed which had the ABBA logo stamped on the outer side of the soles. Wooden shoes remain popular in Scandinavia and are worn by both men and women. More recently pop celebrity Brain May (formerly of Queen) has been photographed wearing clogs. May seldom wore them on live performances but found his clog extremely comfortable. Another public devotee to clogs is Whoopi Goldberg who has been seen wearing them in several of her movies including Made in America